Devanagari
न तेऽभवस्येश भवस्य कारणं
विना विनोदं बत तर्कयामहे ।
भवो निरोध: स्थितिरप्यविद्यया
कृता यतस्त्वय्यभयाश्रयात्मनि ॥ ३९ ॥
Verse text
na te ’bhavasyeśa bhavasya kāraṇaṁ
vinā vinodaṁ bata tarkayāmahe
bhavo nirodhaḥ sthitir apy avidyayā
kṛtā yatas tvayy abhayāśrayātmani
Synonyms
na
—
not
;
te
—
of Your Lordship
;
abhavasya
—
of whom there is no birth, death or maintenance as for an ordinary being
;
īśa
—
O Supreme Lord
;
bhavasya
—
of Your appearance, Your birth
;
kāraṇam
—
the cause
;
vinā
—
without
;
vinodam
—
the pastimes (despite what is said, You are not forced to come to this world by any cause)
;
bata
—
however
;
tarkayāmahe
—
we cannot argue (but must simply understand that these are Your pastimes)
;
bhavaḥ
—
birth
;
nirodhaḥ
—
death
;
sthitiḥ
—
maintenance
;
api
—
also
;
avidyayā
—
by the external, illusory energy
;
kṛtāḥ
—
done
;
yataḥ
—
because
;
tvayi
—
unto You
;
abhaya
—
āśraya — O fearless shelter of all
;
ātmani
—
of the ordinary living entity .
Translation
O Supreme Lord, You are not an ordinary living entity appearing in this material world as a result of fruitive activities. Therefore Your appearance or birth in this world has no other cause than Your pleasure potency. Similarly, the living entities, who are part of You, have no cause for miseries like birth, death and old age, except when these living entities are conducted by Your external energy.
Translation (Visvanatha Cakravarti Thakura)
O Supreme Lord, You are not an ordinary living entity appearing in this material world as a result of fruitive activities. Therefore Your appearance or birth in this world has no other cause than Your pleasure potency. Similarly, the living entities, who are part of You, have no cause for miseries like birth, death and old age, except when these living entities are conducted by Your external energy.
KB 10.2.39
“O dear Lord,” the demigods continued, “You are unborn; therefore we do not find any reason for Your appearance other than for Your pleasurable pastimes.” Although the reason for the appearance of the Lord is stated in the Bhagavad-gītā (He descends just to give protection to the devotees and vanquish the nondevotees), actually He descends for His pleasure-meeting with the devotees, not really to vanquish the nondevotees. The nondevotees can be vanquished simply by one kick of material nature. “The actions and reactions of material nature (creation, maintenance and annihilation) are being carried out automatically. But simply by taking shelter of Your holy name, the devotees are fully protected, because Your holy name and Your personality are nondifferent.” The protection of the devotees and the annihilation of the nondevotees are actually not the business of the Supreme Personality of Godhead. When He descends, it is just for His transcendental pleasure. There cannot be any other reason for His appearance.
Purport
As stated in
Bhagavad-gītā
(15.7)
,
mamaivāṁśo jīva-loke jīva-bhūtaḥ sanātanaḥ:
the living entities are parts and parcels of the Supreme Lord, and thus they are qualitatively one with the Lord. We can understand that when the Supreme Lord appears or disappears as an incarnation, there is no other cause than His pleasure potency. We cannot force the Supreme Personality of Godhead to appear. As He says in
Bhagavad-gītā
(4.7)
:
yadā yadā hi dharmasya
glānir bhavati bhārata
abhyutthānam adharmasya
tadātmānaṁ sṛjāmy aham
“Whenever and wherever there is a decline in religious practice, O descendant of Bharata, and a predominant rise of irreligion — at that time I descend Myself.” When there is a need to diminish a burden created by the demons, the Supreme Godhead can do it in many ways because He has multifarious energies. There is no need for Him to come as an incarnation, since He is not forced to do anything like ordinary living entities. The living entities come to this material world in the spirit of enjoyment, but because they want to enjoy without Kṛṣṇa (
kṛṣṇa-bahirmukha haiyā bhoja-vāṣchā kare
), they suffer birth, death, old age and disease under the control of the illusory energy. When the Supreme Personality of Godhead appears, however, no such causes are involved; His descent is an act of His pleasure potency. We should always remember this distinction between the Lord and the ordinary living entity and not uselessly argue that the Lord cannot come. There are philosophers who do not believe in the Lord’s incarnation and who ask, “Why should the Supreme Lord come?” But the answer is, “Why should He not come? Why should He be controlled by the desire of the living entity?” The Lord is free to do whatever He likes. Therefore this verse says,
vinā vinodaṁ bata tarkayāmahe.
It is only for His pleasure that He comes although He does not need to come.
When the living entities come to this world for material enjoyment, they are entangled in
karma
and
karma-phala
by the Lord’s illusory energy. But if one seeks shelter at the Lord’s lotus feet, one is again situated in his original, liberated state. As stated here,
kṛtā yatas tvayy abhayāśrayātmani:
one who seeks shelter at the lotus feet of the Lord is always fearless. Because we are dependent on the Supreme Personality of Godhead, we should give up the idea that without Kṛṣṇa we can enjoy freedom in this material world. This idea is the reason we have become entangled. Now it is our duty to seek shelter again at the Lord’s lotus feet. This shelter is described as
abhaya,
or fearless. Since Kṛṣṇa is not subject to birth, death, old age or disease, and since we are part and parcel of Kṛṣṇa, we also are not subject to birth, death, old age and disease, but we have become subject to these illusory problems because of our forgetfulness of Kṛṣṇa and our position as His eternal servants (
jīvera ‘svarūpa’ haya-kṛṣṇera ‘nitya-dāsa’
). Therefore, if we practice devotional service by always thinking of the Lord, always glorifying Him and always chanting about Him, as described in text 37 (
śṛṇvan gṛṇan saṁsmarayaṁś ca cintayan
), we will be reinstated in our original, constitutional position and thus be saved. The demigods, therefore, encouraged Devakī not to fear Kaṁsa, but to think of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who was already within her womb.
Purport (Visvanatha Cakravarti Thakura)
We have said that you have appeared for protecting us, but that is only a pretense. You perform your birth, and activities independently with your own purpose. Though you are unborn (abhavasya) you appear in the world. We cannot determine the cause, because (yatah) the creation, maintenance and destruction (bhavo nirodhah sthitih) are carried out by maya (avidyaya) which takes shelter of you (tvayi asrayatmani) . The lord is called abhaya or instilling fearlessness, because by remembering him the fear of the demons like Kamsa disappears. Therefore there is no necessity of the Lord personally appearing to kill Kamsa.
Purport (Jiva Goswami)
Bata expresses joy. Even your devotees in this world have no birth, what to speak of you. Śrīdhaṛa explains as follows. We cannot speculate about the cause of your birth in this world, except that it is your pastime. O Lord who does not take shelter of fear! O eternally liberated Lord! What to speak of your having no birth, the birth, maintenance and destruction created by ignorance do not exist in the jīvas dedicated to you.
Or, O fearless Lord! Since your only purpose is pastimes, the creation, maintenance and destruction exist eternally by māyā, composes of vidyā and avidyā, which exist under your shelter (āśrayātmani tvayi). You do not even make effort personally for the maintenance which is included in that list. We cannot infer any cause for your personal appearance except your desire for pastimes. Only one who has fear must make effort to destroy sinful persons. There is a great difference between pastimes of creation and destruction of the universe and the pastimes carried out by your svarūpa for enjoyment. The wives of Kāliya say avyākṛta-vihārāya: please let us offer our obeisances unto you, whose pastimes are inconceivable. (SB 10.16.47) Śukadeva is described as ajita-rucira-līlākṛṣṭa-sāraḥ: his heart was attracted to the sweet pastimes of Kṛṣṇa. (SB 12.12.69)
Purport (Sanatana Goswami)
Bata expresses joy. You have no birth (abhavasya), or you arrange so that your devotees or all people have no birth. We can only speculate the cause of your appearance. It is only your play. Even the killing of the demons to relieve the burden of the earth is only your play.
Or “How can appearing to relieve the earth of its burden by killing demons with effort be considered play?” This verse answers. It is only your play because creation and destruction take place by māyā (avidyayā), which exists within you. It is your śakti. Killing demons is one of its goals.
Or “I have appeared to relieve the earth of its burden on your request. That is what I am doing. Why speak of play?” You actually appear for pastimes in Gokula.
Or “There are great pastimes of creation of the universe. How can this be called play?” Creation and destruction take place by your śakti of māyā for the jīvas (ātmani). It is real, but temporary. But your forms and pastimes are eternity, knowledge and bliss.