SB 10.33.16

SB 10.33.16

Devanagari

एवं परिष्वङ्गकराभिमर्श- स्निग्धेक्षणोद्दामविलासहासै: । रेमे रमेशो व्रजसुन्दरीभि- र्यथार्भक: स्वप्रतिबिम्बविभ्रम: ॥ १६ ॥

Verse text

evaṁ pariṣvaṅga-karābhimarśa- snigdhekṣaṇoddāma-vilāsa-hāsaiḥ reme rameśo vraja-sundarībhir yathārbhakaḥ sva-pratibimba-vibhramaḥ

Synonyms

evam thus ; pariṣvaṅga with embracing ; kara by His hand ; abhimarśa with touching ; snigdha affectionate ; īkṣaṇa with glances ; uddāma broad ; vilāsa playful ; hāsaiḥ with smiles ; reme He took pleasure ; ramā of the goddess of fortune ; īśaḥ the master ; vraja sundarībhiḥ — with the young women of the cowherd community ; yathā just as ; arbhakaḥ a boy ; sva His own ; pratibimba with the reflection ; vibhramaḥ whose playing .

Translation

In this way Lord Kṛṣṇa, the original Lord Nārāyaṇa, master of the goddess of fortune, took pleasure in the company of the young women of Vraja by embracing them, caressing them and glancing lovingly at them as He smiled His broad, playful smiles. It was just as if a child were playing with his own reflection.

Translation (Visvanatha Cakravarti Thakura)

In this way Lord Kṛṣṇa, the original Lord Nārāyaṇa, master of the goddess of fortune, took pleasure in the company of the young women of Vraja by embracing them, caressing them and glancing lovingly at them as He smiled His broad, playful smiles. It was just as if a child were playing with his own reflection. KB 10.33.16 As stated in the Brahma-saṁhitā, all these gopīs are expansions of Kṛṣṇa’s pleasure potency. Touching their bodies with His hands and looking at their pleasing eyes, Kṛṣṇa enjoyed the gopīs exactly as a child enjoys playing with the reflection of his body in a mirror.

Purport

Śrīla Bhaktisiddhānta Sarasvatī Ṭhākura comments as follows on this verse: “Lord Kṛṣṇa alone is the Supreme Absolute Truth, and His potencies are unlimited. All these potencies, taking personal forms, engage Lord Kṛṣṇa in His pastimes. Just as the opulent manifestation of His one supreme transcendental potency manifests all the countless potencies of the Lord, so in the rāsa dance Kṛṣṇa manifests Himself as many times as there are various potencies represented by the gopīs. Everything is Kṛṣṇa, but by His desire His spiritual energy Yoga-māyā manifests the gopīs. When His internal potency Yoga-māyā thus produces such pastimes for the enhancement of His transcendental emotions, it is just like a young boy playing with His own reflection. But since these pastimes are created by His spiritual potency, they are eternal and self-manifesting.”

Purport (Visvanatha Cakravarti Thakura)

All of these elements of song and dance also made the elements of Krnsa’s love play perfect. Embracing each gopi he danced with her. Touching the left breasts of the gopis with his right hand he counted the tala of the music on their breasts by tapping his fingers. He secretly glanced at all the gopis’ limbs as they danced. He kissed them on the pretext of satisifying them. After enjoying in these ways with the gopis, he then smiled. Krsna is addressed as ramesa. This means he was master of all opulences. It can also mean Krsna, who is the enjoyer (ramana) of the gopis. As a foolish boy plays with his shadow, so Krsna enchanted by the gopis who had surrendered to prema, began to enjoy with them. How could one person enjoy with thousands of gopis? The form of Krsna expanded into many, who then enjoyed (vbrahmah) with each gopi who was also his own form (bimba). The gopis were the hladini sakti, expansions of his svarupa. Similarly in 3.2.11. svabimba referes to Krsna’s own form, the prabhava prakasa. Therefore the meaning of the verse is: "Krsna expanding himself as prabhava prakasa, enjoyed with each of the gopis who were his own svarupa." The phrase sva pratibimba cannot be explained in any other way. To say that bimba means shadow is inappropriate.

Purport (Jiva Goswami)

Śrīdhara Svāmī explains this verse. His commentary is strongly based on the example given. Kṛṣṇa was like a child who by mistake plays with his reflection. There is mutual imitation in the Lord’s actions (the boy) and the gopīs actions (the reflection). Kṛṣṇa himself is the initiator of the actions. That process is described in the example. Thus the phrase “the example shows that he is never surpassed in his pastimes” in his commentary seems to be interpolated. Śrīdhara Svāmī then explains the example. Kṛṣṇa transfers his qualities to them. And they become the reflection of his qualities. Just as a boy realizes the beauty of his face by means of the reflection, not by the real face, so the Lord realizes his qualities through his beloved gopīs, since those qualities do not arise in him unless their prema arises. Or, though he is the master of Lakṣmī, he enjoyed with the gopīs of Vraja, not with her. This shows their superior beauty and prema. Or he is the master of Lakṣmī, but does not enjoy with her. He enjoys instead with the gopīs. This shows the extraordinary nature of their enjoyment. Then in astonishment the description of the gopīs is given. He embraced them, held their hands. He joyfully gazed at their faces. He acted without restraint, such as touching their breasts (uddāma-vilāsa). He smiled to show his intense passion. Then an example is given to show their general attachment with unsurpassable qualities in them and him. Some boy, because of the nature of his age, is attached to playing and in illusion plays with his reflection, just as the Lord plays with the gopīs who are equal to him, his reflective counterparts. Attached to play which is filled with his nature of being controlled by prema, he enjoys with the gopīs since they are his counterparts, being his svarūpa-śakti. With a similar intention, previously the gopīs were described as kṛṣṇa-vadhvaḥ (wives of Kṛṣṇa) rather than gopa-vadhvaḥ (wives of cowherds). (They are his eternal consorts.) Brahma-saṁhitā 5.37 says: ānanda cinmaya rasa pratibhāvitābhis tābhir ya eva nija rūpatayā kalābhiḥ | goloka eva nivasaty akhilātma bhūto govindam ādi-puruṣaṁ tam ahaṁ bhajāmi || I worship the Supreme Lord Govinda who, though regarding all the inhabitants as his very self, resides in Goloka exclusively with the young gopīs, who are embodiments of madhura-rasa. He accepts them as his wives, while they respond to his conjugal affection reciprocally. When a boy moves his head, his reflection moves, when Kṛṣṇa moved, the gopīs moved, but in the excitement of the pastimes, because of mutual attraction, the gopīs and Kṛṣṇa followed each other. The verse mentions his affection glances. This means that just as the gopīs glanced at him with affection, he glanced at them. Parāśara describes his sāttvika-bhāvas: gopī-kapola-saṁśleṣam abhipatya harer bhujau pulakodgama-śaṣpāya svedāmbu-ghanatāṁ gatau When Kṛṣṇa’s arms contacted the cheek of a gopī, those arms began profusly perspiring, and their hairs stood on end like grass.

Purport (Sanatana Goswami)

He embraced them and took their hands (karābhimarṣa). Or he touched their breasts with his hands. He glanced at their faces with relish. Their clothing became loose (uddāma-vilāsa). He smiled with great love. He was the lord of Lakṣmī (rāmeśaḥ): since he was her lord, she was not qualified for the rati displayed at this time, but the gopīs were qualified (vraja-sundarābhiḥ). They were superior to Lakṣmī in bhāva and skills. An example is given to show that Kṛṣṇa and the gopīs were equal. As a boy is not dissimilar from his reflection, so Kṛṣna was not dissimilar from the gopīs. Just as the playing boy moves his hand, so his reflected hand moves. And as the reflexion moves, the boy imitiates that action (so he believes, since he is a child.) Just as the Lord enjoyed, so the gopīs enjoyed. This indicates the beauty of the Lord’s rati. That beauty could not be accomplished if there were irregularities. When they underwent transformations of prema, he also underwent similar transformations. gopī-kapola-saṁśleṣam abhipatya harer bhujau pulakodgama-śaṣpāya svedāmbu-ghanatāṁ gatau When Kṛṣṇa’s arms contacted the cheek of a gopī, those arms began profusly perspiring, and their hairs stood on end like grass. Viṣṇu Purāṇa Or just as a boy absorbed in playing with his reflection does not know anything else, and enjoys, so the Lord absorbed in the dance did not know anything else. Or he enjoyed with the gopīs by their embraces as described. He embraced similarly. He enjoyed their embraces. He imitated what they did. This shows that they were greater than him.