Devanagari
एवं गदि: कर्म गतिर्विसर्गो
घ्राणो रसो दृक् स्पर्श: श्रुतिश्च ।
सङ्कल्पविज्ञानमथाभिमान:
सूत्रं रज:सत्त्वतमोविकार: ॥ १९ ॥
Verse text
evaṁ gadiḥ karma gatir visargo
ghrāṇo raso dṛk sparśaḥ śrutiś ca
saṅkalpa-vijṣānam athābhimānaḥ
sūtraṁ rajaḥ-sattva-tamo-vikāraḥ
Synonyms
evam
—
thus
;
gadiḥ
—
speech
;
karma
—
the function of the hands
;
gatiḥ
—
the function of the legs
;
visargaḥ
—
the functions of the genitals and anus
;
ghrāṇaḥ
—
smell
;
rasaḥ
—
taste
;
dṛk
—
sight
;
sparśaḥ
—
touch
;
śrutiḥ
—
hearing
;
ca
—
also
;
saṅkalpa
—
the mind’s function
;
vijṣānam
—
the function of intelligence and consciousness
;
atha
—
moreover
;
abhimānaḥ
—
the function of false ego
;
sūtram
—
the function of pradhāna, or the subtle cause of material nature
;
rajaḥ
—
of the mode of passion
;
sattva
—
goodness
;
tamaḥ
—
and of ignorance
;
vikāraḥ
—
the transformation .
Translation
The functions of the working senses — the organ of speech, the hands, the legs, the genitals and the anus — and the functions of the knowledge-acquiring senses — the nose, tongue, eyes, skin and ears — along with the functions of the subtle senses of mind, intelligence, consciousness and false ego, as well as the function of the subtle pradhāna and the interaction of the three modes of material nature — all these should be understood as My materially manifest form.
Translation (Visvanatha Cakravarti Thakura)
Similarly, speech, action, motion, excretion, smelling, tasting, seeing, touching, hearing, deciding, discerning, identity, mahat-tattva, and transformations of rajas, sattva and tamas are my material manifestation.
Just as the Vedas which arise from my form appeared from the body of Brahmā, material sound arises from the body of material persons in a corrupted form. Gadiḥ refers to speech using the material voice. Śruti says:
catvāri vāk parimitā padāni tāni vidur brāhmaṇā ye manīṣiṇaḥ |
guhā trīṇi nihitā neṅgayanti turīyaṁ vāco manuṣyā vadanti ||
Wise men know the four aspects of speech but they do not reveal the three aspects hidden in the body. Men speak the fourth form. Ṛg-veda 1.164.22
The meaning is this. Speech is measured in four phases. Three are called parā, situated in prāṇa at the base of the spine, paśyantī, situated in the mind in the navel, and madhyamā situated in intelligence in the heart. The sages do not reveal their forms. The fourth, called vaikharī is speech in the vocal organ.
Just as speech is manifested from me, the actions of all the senses of the total and individual jīvas are manifested from prakṛti. Action is the function of the hands. Movement is the action of the feet. Excretion is the function of the anus and genital. These are all action senses. Smell is the function of the nose. Taste is the function of the tongue. Seeing is the function of the eye. Touch is the function of the skin. Hearing is the function of the ears. These are knowledge senses. Decision is the function of the mind. Discrimination is the function of intelligence and citta. Identity is the function of ahaṅkāra. Sūtra or mahat-tattva is the function of pradhāna. The transformations of rajas, sattva and tamas are adhyātma, adhidaiva and adhibhūta. All of these are manifestations of matter. The statement is a continuation of the last verse.
Purport
By the word
gadi,
or “speech,” the Lord concludes His discussion about His manifestation as Vedic vibrations and describes the functions of the other working senses, along with the knowledge-acquiring senses, the subtle functions of consciousness,
pradhāna
and the interaction of the three modes of material nature. A Kṛṣṇa conscious person sees the entire material world as a manifestation of the Lord’s potencies. There is therefore no legitimate scope for material sense gratification, because everything is an expansion from the Supreme Personality of Godhead and belongs to Him. One who can understand the expansion of the Lord within subtle and gross material manifestations gives up his desire to live in this world. In the spiritual world everything is eternal, full of bliss and knowledge. The exclusive feature of the material world is that here the living entity dreams that he is lord. A sane person, giving up this hallucination, finds no attractive features in the kingdom of
māyā
and therefore returns home, back to Godhead.