Devanagari
श्रीराजोवाच
अथ भागवतं ब्रूत यद्धर्मो यादृशो नृणाम् ।
यथा चरति यद् ब्रूते यैर्लिङ्गैर्भगवत्प्रिय: ॥ ४४ ॥
Verse text
śrī-rājovāca
atha bhāgavataṁ brūta
yad-dharmo yādṛśo nṛṇām
yathācarati yad brūte
yair liṅgair bhagavat-priyaḥ
Synonyms
śrī
—
rājā uvāca — the King spoke
;
atha
—
next
;
bhāgavatam
—
about the devotee of the Personality of Godhead
;
brūta
—
please tell me
;
yat
—
dharmaḥ — having what duties
;
yādṛśaḥ
—
having what nature
;
nṛṇām
—
among men
;
yathā
—
how
;
ācarati
—
he behaves
;
yat
—
what
;
brūte
—
he speaks
;
yaiḥ
—
by which
;
liṅgaiḥ
—
visible symptoms
;
bhagavat
—
priyaḥ — (he is known as) one dear to the Supreme Lord .
Translation
Mahārāja Nimi said: Now please tell me in greater detail about the devotees of the Supreme Lord. What are the natural symptoms by which I can distinguish between the most advanced devotees, those on the middle level and those who are neophytes? What are the typical religious activities of a Vaiṣṇava, and how does he speak? Specifically, please describe those symptoms and characteristics by which Vaiṣṇavas become dear to the Supreme Personality of Godhead.
Translation (Visvanatha Cakravarti Thakura)
Mahārāja Nimi said: Now please tell me about the devotees of the Supreme Lord--their natures, the different types, the conduct, and speech by which one can know who is dear to the Lord.
The previous verse mentioned the devotees. He asks concerning their qualities. What is their nature (dharma)? This is a question about their mental condition. What types (yādṛṣaḥ) of devotees are there? This is a question about various grades of devotees. What is their conduct? This is a question about their bodily nature. What do they say? This is a question about their speech. Why should one ask such questions? By these characteristics one can infer who is dear to the Lord.
Purport
The great sage Kavi has informed King Nimi about the general external symptoms of a devotee of the Lord, namely his appearance, personal qualities and activities. But now King Nimi asks how to make further distinctions among the servants of the Supreme Personality of Godhead so that the first-class, second-class and lower-class Vaiṣṇavas can be clearly identified.
According to Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī,
kṛṣṇeti yasya giri taṁ manasādriyeta:
“One should mentally honor any devotee who chants the holy name of Lord Kṛṣṇa.” (
Upadeśāmṛta
5) Any living entity who is faithfully chanting the holy name of Kṛṣṇa is to be considered a Vaiṣṇava and at least within the mind is to be offered respect. But for practical advancement in Kṛṣṇa consciousness one should associate at least with a second-class devotee. And if one can receive the mercy of a first-class devotee of the Lord, one’s perfection is very easily guaranteed. Thus Nimi Mahārāja is humbly inquiring, “What are the character, behavior and speech of devotees?” The King wants to know the particular symptoms of body, mind and speech by which the different categories
uttama-adhikārī,
madhyama-adhikārī
and
kaniṣṭha-adhikārī
are clearly identified. In response to the King’s inquiry, another of the
nava-yogendras,
namely Havir, will give a further elaboration of the science of Kṛṣṇa consciousness.