Devanagari
परोक्षवादो वेदोऽयं बालानामनुशासनम् ।
कर्ममोक्षाय कर्माणि विधत्ते ह्यगदं यथा ॥ ४४ ॥
Verse text
parokṣa-vādo vedo ’yaṁ
bālānām anuśāsanam
karma-mokṣāya karmāṇi
vidhatte hy agadaṁ yathā
Synonyms
parokṣa
—
vādaḥ — describing a situation as something else in order to disguise its real nature
;
vedaḥ
—
Vedas
;
ayam
—
these
;
bālānām
—
of childlike persons
;
anuśāsanam
—
guidance
;
karma
—
mokṣāya — for liberation from material activities
;
karmāṇi
—
material activities
;
vidhatte
—
prescribe
;
hi
—
indeed
;
agadam
—
a medicine
;
yathā
—
just as .
Translation
Childish and foolish people are attached to materialistic, fruitive activities, although the actual goal of life is to become free from such activities. Therefore, the Vedic injunctions indirectly lead one to the path of ultimate liberation by first prescribing fruitive religious activities, just as a father promises his child candy so that the child will take his medicine.
Translation (Visvanatha Cakravarti Thakura)
The Vedas, speaking indirectly, prescribe karma-yoga, in order to liberate people from karma, just as a father promises candy in order to get children to drink medicine.
The meaning of the Vedas is hard to understand. It uses indirect expression (parokṣa-vādaḥ) in which the meaning appears to be something different by the sages who understood the intention of the Lord, in order to hide the real meaning. The Lord has said:
vedā brahmātma-viṣayās tri-kāṇḍa-viṣayā ime
parokṣa-vādā ṛṣayaḥ parokṣaṁ mama ca priyam
The Vedas, divided into three divisions, ultimately reveal the living entity as pure spirit soul. The Vedic seers and mantras, however, deal in esoteric terms, and I also am pleased by such confidential descriptions. SB 11.21.35
The indirect expression is explained: karma is prescribed to liberate the people.
“But karma is prescribed for going to Svarga, not for attaining liberation from karma.” It is like ordering children to take medicine. “If you take this medicine, I will give you a sweet.” Tempting the child in this way, the father makes the children drink bitter juice and gives them sweets. Otherwise he cannot make them drink the medicine. However the goal of drinking medicine is not getting sweets but to cure disease. Thus the Vedas prescribe karma-yoga, tempting people with material results, in order to liberate them from karma.
Purport
As stated in
Bhagavad-gītā,
traiguṇya-viṣayā vedā nistraiguṇyo bhavārjuna.
The
Vedas
apparently offer fruitive results within the three modes of material nature. Those who perform ritualistic ceremonies or austerities in the mode of goodness are offered the chance for promotion to the higher planetary systems called Svargaloka.
Aśnanti divyān divi deva-bhogān.
Similarly, those who perform
karma-kāṇḍa,
or fruitive religious activities in the mode of passion, are allowed to become great rulers or wealthy men on earth and enjoy great prestige and earthly power. But as stated in the
Manu-saṁhitā, pravṛttir eṣā bhūtānāṁ nivṛttis tu mahā-phalā:
“Although fruitive religious activities are very much popular among the conditioned souls, the actual perfection of life is achieved when one gives up all fruitive endeavor.”
If a father tells his child, “You must take this medicine by my order,” the child may become fearful and rebellious and reject the medicine. Therefore, the father entices his child by saying, “I am going to give you a delicious piece of candy. But if you want this candy, first just take this little bit of medicine, and then you can have the candy.” Such indirect persuasion is called
parokṣa-vādaḥ,
or an indirect description that conceals the actual purpose. The father presents his proposal to the child as if the ultimate goal were to receive the candy and only a minor condition must be fulfilled to receive it. Actually, however, the father’s goal is to administer the medicine to the child and cure him of his disease. Thus, describing the primary purpose indirectly and concealing it with a secondary proposal is called
parokṣa-vādaḥ,
or indirect persuasion.
Since the great majority of conditioned souls are addicted to sense gratification (
pravṛttir eṣā bhūtānām
), the Vedic
karma-kāṇḍa
rituals offer them a chance to become free from temporary materialistic sense gratification by making them greedy for fruitive Vedic results such as promotion to heaven or a powerful ruling position on earth. In all Vedic rituals Viṣṇu is worshiped, and thus one is gradually promoted to the understanding that one’s actual self-interest is to surrender to Viṣṇu.
Na te viduḥ svārtha-gatiṁ hi viṣṇum.
Such an indirect method is prescribed for
bālānām,
those who are childish or foolish. An intelligent person can immediately understand by direct analysis the actual purpose of Vedic literature as described by the Lord Himself (
vedaiś ca sarvair aham eva vedyaḥ
). All Vedic knowledge ultimately aims at achieving shelter at the lotus feet of the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Without such shelter one must rotate within the 8,400,000 species offered by the illusory energy of the Lord. Ordinary material vision, either through gross sense perception or the subtle perception of rational induction, always yields imperfect knowledge distorted by the desire for illusory material enjoyment. Śrīla Bhaktisiddhānta Sarasvatī Ṭhākura comments that the cultivation of impersonal self-realization is also a disturbance to the conditioned souls, since the impersonal speculative process is an artificial attempt to become completely formless. Such an attempt is not at all in accord with the proper judgment of the
Vedas,
which is described in
Bhagavad-gītā
(
vedaiś ca sarvair aham eva vedyaḥ
).
In Lord Caitanya’s movement there is no need to childishly pursue fruitive material results and gradually be dragged to actual knowledge. According to Caitanya Mahāprabhu:
harer nāma harer nāma
harer nāmaiva kevalam
kalau nāsty eva nāsty eva
nāsty eva gatir anyathā
In Kali-yuga life is very short (
prāyeṇālpāyuṣaḥ
), and people are generally undisciplined (
mandāḥ
), misguided (
sumanda-matayaḥ
), and overwhelmed by the unfavorable results of their previous activities (
manda-bhāgyāḥ
). Thus their minds are never peaceful (
upadrutāḥ
), and their very brief life span vitiates the possibility of their gradually progressing through the path of Vedic ritualistic activities. Therefore, the only hope is to chant the holy names of the Lord,
harer nāma
. In the
Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam
(12.3.51)
it is stated:
kaler doṣa-nidhe rājann
asti hy eko mahān guṇaḥ
kīrtanād eva kṛṣṇasya
mukta-saṅgaḥ paraṁ vrajet
Kali-yuga is an ocean of hypocrisy and pollution. In Kali-yuga all natural elements are polluted, such as water, earth, sky, mind, intelligence and ego. The only auspicious aspect of this fallen age is the process of chanting the holy names of the Lord (
asti hy eko mahān guṇaḥ
). Simply by the delightful process of
kṛṣṇa-kīrtana
one is freed from his connection to this fallen age (
mukta-saṅga
) and goes back home, back to Godhead (
paraṁ vrajet
). Sometimes the preachers of the Kṛṣṇa consciousness movement also use the
parokṣa,
or indirect method of persuasion, offering a nice transcendental sweet to the conditioned soul to entice him to come to the lotus feet of the Lord. Caitanya Mahāprabhu’s movement is
kevala ānanda-kāṇḍa,
simply blissful. But by the mercy of Caitanya Mahāprabhu even one who is indirectly attracted to the Kṛṣṇa consciousness movement achieves very quickly the perfection of life and goes back home, back to Godhead.