Devanagari
ग्रामान् पुर: पत्तनानि दुर्गाणि विविधानि च ।
घोषान् व्रजान् सशिबिरानाकरान् खेटखर्वटान् ॥ ३१ ॥
Verse text
grāmān puraḥ pattanāni
durgāṇi vividhāni ca
ghoṣān vrajān sa-śibirān
ākarān kheṭa-kharvaṭān
Synonyms
grāmān
—
villages
;
puraḥ
—
cities
;
pattanāni
—
settlements
;
durgāṇi
—
forts
;
vividhāni
—
of different varieties
;
ca
—
also
;
ghoṣān
—
habitations for the milkmen
;
vrajān
—
pens for cattle
;
sa
—
śibirān — with camps
;
ākarān
—
mines
;
kheṭa
—
agricultural towns
;
kharvaṭān
—
mountain villages .
Translation
In this way the King founded many types of villages, settlements and towns and built forts, residences for cowherdsmen, stables for the animals, places for the royal camps, mining places, agricultural towns and mountain villages.
Translation (Visvanatha Cakravarti Thakura)
He produced villages, towns, cities, forts of various types, cowherd villages, cow sheds, military installations, mines, and agricultural mountain villages.
Grāmas are villages without markets. Puras have markets. When a pura becomes large it is a pattana. He made various forts. Bṛhaspati says audakaṁ pārvataṁ vārkṣam airiṇaṁ dhānvanaṁ tathā: a fortress can be protected by water, mountains, trees, barren land or desert. Ghoṣāṇ means the places of the cowherds. Vrajān means places for cows. Śibirān means for soldiers. Ākarān means mines for producing gold and silver. Kheṭa means agricultural villages near the mountains.