Devanagari
लुप्तक्रियायाशुचये मानिने भिन्नसेतवे ।
अनिच्छन्नप्यदां बालां शूद्रायेवोशतीं गिरम् ॥ १३ ॥
Verse text
lupta-kriyāyāśucaye
mānine bhinna-setave
anicchann apy adāṁ bālāṁ
śūdrāyevośatīṁ giram
Synonyms
lupta
—
kriyāya — not observing rules and regulations
;
aśucaye
—
impure
;
mānine
—
proud
;
bhinna
—
setave — having broken all rules of civility
;
anicchan
—
not desiring
;
api
—
although
;
adām
—
handed over
;
bālām
—
my daughter
;
śūdrāya
—
unto a śūdra
;
iva
—
as
;
uśatīm giram
—
the message of the Vedas. .
Translation
I had no desire to give my daughter to this person, who has broken all rules of civility. Because of not observing the required rules and regulations, he is impure, but I was obliged to hand over my daughter to him just as one teaches the messages of the Vedas to a śūdra.
Translation (Visvanatha Cakravarti Thakura)
Though not desiring to do so, I have given my daughter to a person who does not perform rituals, is impure, is proud, and violates the rules of conduct. I have acted as if giving the message of the Vedas to a śūdra.
Uśatīm refers to the Vedas. The words also can be taken as praise. Because he is the very form of the supreme Brahman, no rituals need be performed. No one is cleaner than he is (aśucaye). He is not proud and does not break the rules. (By rules of sandhi the words can be taken as amanine and abhinna-setave). Seeing my own lack of qualification, I did not want to give my daughter, but I gave her. I am unqualified like the śūdras (śūdrā eva instead of śūdrāya iva) who teach the Vedas. As an optional rule the letter “y”in śūdrāy eva is not dropped. [Note: Pāṇini 83.19]
Purport
A
śūdra
is forbidden to take lessons from the
Vedas
because a
śūdra,
due to his unclean habits, is not worthy to hear such instructions. This restriction, that unless one has acquired the brahminical qualifications one should not read the Vedic literatures, is like the restriction that a law student should not enter a law college unless he has been graduated from all lower grades. According to the estimation of Dakṣa, Śiva was unclean in habits and not worthy to have the hand of his daughter, Satī, who was so enlightened, beautiful and chaste. The word used in this connection is
bhinna-setave,
which refers to one who has broken all the regulations for good behavior by not following the Vedic principles. In other words, according to Dakṣa the entire transaction of the marriage of his daughter with Śiva was not in order.