Devanagari
प्रवृत्ताय निवृत्ताय पितृदेवाय कर्मणे ।
नमोऽधर्मविपाकाय मृत्यवे दु:खदाय च ॥ ४१ ॥
Verse text
pravṛttāya nivṛttāya
pitṛ-devāya karmaṇe
namo ’dharma-vipākāya
mṛtyave duḥkha-dāya ca
Synonyms
pravṛttāya
—
inclination
;
nivṛttāya
—
disinclination
;
pitṛ
—
devāya — unto the master of Pitṛloka
;
karmaṇe
—
unto the resultant action of fruitive activities
;
namaḥ
—
offering respects
;
adharma
—
irreligious
;
vipākāya
—
unto the result
;
mṛtyave
—
unto death
;
duḥkha
—
dāya — the cause of all kinds of miserable conditions
;
ca
—
also .
Translation
My dear Lord, You are the viewer of the results of pious activities. You are inclination, disinclination and their resultant activities. You are the cause of the miserable conditions of life caused by irreligion, and therefore You are death. I offer You my respectful obeisances.
Translation (Visvanatha Cakravarti Thakura)
I offer respects to you who inspire people to enjoy and to renounce through karmas, and who give the results of worshipping Pitṛs. I offer respects to you who give results to those committing sinful acts, who award death and sorrow.
He offers respects to the Lord as the instigator of other dharmas. I offer respects to the he who lets one attain the Pitṛs. I offer respects to the Lord in the form of he who gives results for forbidden activities (adharma-vipākāya).
Purport
The Supreme Personality of Godhead is situated in everyone’s heart, and from Him issue a living entity’s inclinations and disinclinations. This is confirmed in
Bhagavad-gītā
(15.15)
:
sarvasya cāhaṁ hṛdi sanniviṣṭo
mattaḥ smṛtir jṣānam apohanaṁ ca
“I am seated in everyone’s heart, and from Me come remembrance, knowledge and forgetfulness.”
The Supreme Personality of Godhead causes the
asuras
to forget Him and the devotees to remember Him. One’s disinclinations are due to the Supreme Personality of Godhead. According to
Bhagavad-gītā
(16.7)
,
pravṛttiṁ ca nivṛttiṁ ca janā na vidur āsurāḥ:
the
asuras
do not know which way one should be inclined to act and which way one should not be inclined to act. Although the
asuras
oppose devotional service, it is to be understood that they are inclined that way due to the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Because the
asuras
do not like to engage in the Lord’s devotional service, the Lord within gives them the intelligence to forget. Ordinary
karmīs
desire promotion to Pitṛloka, as confirmed in
Bhagavad-gītā
(9.25)
.
Yānti deva-vratā devān pitṝn yānti pitṛ-vratāḥ:
“Those who worship the demigods will take birth among the demigods, and those who worship ancestors go to the ancestors.”
In this verse the word
duḥkha-dāya
is also very significant, for those who are nondevotees are perpetually put into the cycle of birth and death. This is a very miserable condition. Because one’s position in life is attained according to one’s activities, the
asuras,
or nondevotees, are put into such miserable conditions.