SB 7.11.10 · Srimad-Bhagavatam

Devanagari

सत्यं दया तप: शौचं तितिक्षेक्षा शमो दम: । अहिंसा ब्रह्मचर्यं च त्याग: स्वाध्याय आर्जवम् ॥ ८ ॥ सन्तोष: समद‍ृक्सेवा ग्राम्येहोपरम: शनै: । नृणां विपर्ययेहेक्षा मौनमात्मविमर्शनम् ॥ ९ ॥ अन्नाद्यादे: संविभागो भूतेभ्यश्च यथार्हत: । तेष्वात्मदेवताबुद्धि: सुतरां नृषु पाण्डव ॥ १० ॥ श्रवणं कीर्तनं चास्य स्मरणं महतां गते: । सेवेज्यावनतिर्दास्यं सख्यमात्मसमर्पणम् ॥ ११ ॥ नृणामयं परो धर्म: सर्वेषां समुदाहृत: । त्रिंशल्लक्षणवान् राजन्सर्वात्मा येन तुष्यति ॥ १२ ॥

Verse text

satyaṁ dayā tapaḥ śaucaṁ titikṣekṣā śamo damaḥ ahiṁsā brahmacaryaṁ ca tyāgaḥ svādhyāya ārjavam santoṣaḥ samadṛk-sevā grāmyehoparamaḥ śanaiḥ nṛṇāṁ viparyayehekṣā maunam ātma-vimarśanam annādyādeḥ saṁvibhāgo bhūtebhyaś ca yathārhataḥ teṣv ātma-devatā-buddhiḥ sutarāṁ nṛṣu pāṇḍava śravaṇaṁ kīrtanaṁ cāsya smaraṇaṁ mahatāṁ gateḥ sevejyāvanatir dāsyaṁ sakhyam ātma-samarpaṇam nṛṇām ayaṁ paro dharmaḥ sarveṣāṁ samudāhṛtaḥ triṁśal-lakṣaṇavān rājan sarvātmā yena tuṣyati

Synonyms

satyam — speaking the truth without distortion or deviation ; dayā — sympathy to everyone suffering ; tapaḥ — austerities (such as observing fasts at least twice in a month on the day of Ekādaśī) ; śaucam — cleanliness (bathing regularly at least twice a day, morning and evening, and remembering to chant the holy name of God) ; titikṣā — toleration (being unagitated by seasonal changes or inconvenient circumstances) ; īkṣā — distinguishing between good and bad ; śamaḥ — control of the mind (not allowing the mind to act whimsically) ; damaḥ — control of the senses (not allowing the senses to act without control) ; ahiṁsā — nonviolence (not subjecting any living entity to the threefold miseries) ; brahmacaryam — continence or abstaining from misuse of one’s semen (not indulging in sex with women other than one’s own wife and not having sex with one’s own wife when sex is forbidden, like during the period of menstruation) ; ca — and ; tyāgaḥ — giving in charity at least fifty percent of one’s income ; svādhyāyaḥ — reading of transcendental literatures like Bhagavad-gītā, Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam, Rāmāyaṇa and Mahābhārata (or, for those not in Vedic culture, reading of the Bible or Koran) ; ārjavam — simplicity (freedom from mental duplicity) ; santoṣaḥ — being satisfied with that which is available without severe endeavor ; samadṛk — sevā — rendering service to saintly persons who make no distinctions between one living being and another and who see every living being as a spirit soul ( paṇḍitāḥ sama-darśinaḥ ) ; grāmya — īhā — uparamaḥ — not taking part in so-called philanthropic activities ; śanaiḥ — gradually ; nṛṇām — in human society ; viparyaya — īhā — the unnecessary activities ; īkṣā — discussing ; maunam — being grave and silent ; ātma — into the self ; vimarśanam — research (as to whether one is the body or the soul) ; anna — ādya — ādeḥ — of food and drink, etc. ; saṁvibhāgaḥ — equal distribution ; bhūtebhyaḥ — to different living entities ; ca — also ; yathā — arhataḥ — as befitting ; teṣu — all living entities ; ātma — devatā — buddhiḥ — accepting as the self or the demigods ; sutarām — preliminarily ; nṛṣu — among all human beings ; pāṇḍava — O Mahārāja Yudhiṣṭhira ; śravaṇam — hearing ; kīrtanam — chanting ; ca — also ; asya — of Him (the Lord) ; smaraṇam — remembering (His words and activities) ; mahatām — of great saintly persons ; gateḥ — who is the shelter ; sevā — service ; ijyā — worship ; avanatiḥ — offering obeisances ; dāsyam — accepting the service ; sakhyam — to consider as a friend ; ātma — samarpaṇam — surrendering one’s whole self ; nṛṇām — of all human beings ; ayam — this ; paraḥ — the supermost ; dharmaḥ — religious principle ; sarveṣām — of all ; samudāhṛtaḥ — described fully ; triṁśat — lakṣaṇa — vān — possessing thirty characteristics ; rājan — O King ; sarva — ātmā — the Supreme Lord, the Supersoul of all ; yena — by which ; tuṣyati — is satisfied .

Translation

These are the general principles to be followed by all human beings: truthfulness, mercy, austerity (observing fasts on certain days of the month), bathing twice a day, tolerance, discrimination between right and wrong, control of the mind, control of the senses, nonviolence, celibacy, charity, reading of scripture, simplicity, satisfaction, rendering service to saintly persons, gradually taking leave of unnecessary engagements, observing the futility of the unnecessary activities of human society, remaining silent and grave and avoiding unnecessary talk, considering whether one is the body or the soul, distributing food equally to all living entities (both men and animals), seeing every soul (especially in the human form) as a part of the Supreme Lord, hearing about the activities and instructions given by the Supreme Personality of Godhead (who is the shelter of the saintly persons), chanting about these activities and instructions, always remembering these activities and instructions, trying to render service, performing worship, offering obeisances, becoming a servant, becoming a friend, and surrendering one’s whole self. O King Yudhiṣṭhira, these thirty qualifications must be acquired in the human form of life. Simply by acquiring these qualifications, one can satisfy the Supreme Personality of Godhead.

Translation (Visvanatha Cakravarti Thakura)

These are the general principles to be followed by all human beings: truthfulness, mercy, austerity, cleanliness, tolerance, discrimination between right and wrong, control of the mind, control of the senses, nonviolence, celibacy, charity, japa, simplicity, satisfaction, rendering service to those who see equally, gradually taking leave of unnecessary engagements, observing the futility of activities of human society, avoiding unnecessary talk, considering the difference of the body from the soul, distributing food equally to all living entities, seeing every soul as oneself or a devatā, hearing, chanting, and remembering the Lord and his devotees, service, performing deity worship, offering obeisances, becoming a servant, becoming a friend, and surrendering one's whole self. O King Yudhiṣṭhira, these thirty actions have been discerned as the highest dharma of man, by which the Lord is satisfied. In five verses, bhakti-yoga common for all humans is described. The first twenty-one items are assistant items for bhakti. The items starting with hearing are direct bhakti. Austerity refers to fasting on Ekādaśī etc. Śamaḥ means control of the mind and damaḥ is control of the senses. Svādhyāyaḥ is chanting japa in the proper amount. Samadṛk-sevā means “serving those who see all beings equally.” Viparyaya-īhā īkṣā is observing the futility of material actions. Maunam means giving up useless talk. Ātma-vimarśanam is thinking the ātmā is different from the body. Anna-ādya-ādeḥ means dividing suitably and giving out food like rice, cakes, cloth, garlands and sandalwood. One should think of all beings to be oneself or devatās.

Purport

In order that human beings be distinct from the animals, the great saint Nārada recommends that every human being be educated in terms of the above-mentioned thirty qualifications. Nowadays there is propaganda everywhere, all over the world, for a secular state, a state interested only in mundane activities. But if the citizens of the state are not educated in the above-mentioned good qualities, how can there be happiness? For example, if the total populace is untruthful, how can the state be happy? Therefore, without consideration of one’s belonging to a sectarian religion, whether Hindu, Muslim, Christian, Buddhist or any other sect, everyone should be taught to become truthful. Similarly, everyone should be taught to be merciful, and everyone should observe fasting on certain days of the month. Everyone should bathe twice a day, cleanse his teeth and body externally, and cleanse his mind internally by remembering the holy name of the Lord. The Lord is one, whether one is Hindu, Muslim or Christian. Therefore, one should chant the holy name of the Lord, regardless of differences in linguistic pronunciation. Also, everyone should be taught to be very careful not to discharge semen unnecessarily. This is very important for all human beings. If semen is not discharged unnecessarily, one becomes extremely strong in memory, determination, activity and the vitality of one’s bodily energy. Everyone should also be taught to be simple in thought and feeling and satisfied in body and mind. These are the general qualifications of a human being. There is no question of a secular state or an ecclesiastical state. Unless one is educated in the above-mentioned thirty qualities, there cannot be any peace. Ultimately it is recommended: śravaṇaṁ kīrtanaṁ cāsya smaraṇaṁ mahatāṁ gateḥ sevejyāvanatir dāsyaṁ sakhyam ātma-samarpaṇam Everyone should become a devotee of the Lord, because by becoming a devotee of the Lord one automatically acquires the other qualities. yasyāsti bhaktir bhagavaty akiṣcanā sarvair guṇais tatra samāsate surāḥ harāv abhaktasya kuto mahad-guṇā manorathenāsati dhāvato bahiḥ “In one who has unflinching devotional service to Kṛṣṇa, all the good qualities of Kṛṣṇa and the demigods are consistently manifest. However, he who has no devotion to the Supreme Personality of Godhead has no good qualifications because he is engaged by mental concoction in material existence, which is the external feature of the Lord.” ( Bhāg. 5.18.12 ) Our Kṛṣṇa consciousness movement, therefore, is all-embracing. Human civilization should take it very seriously and practice its principles for the peace of the world.