Devanagari
श्रीमहादेव उवाच
देवदेव जगद्वयापिञ्जगदीश जगन्मय ।
सर्वेषामपि भावानां त्वमात्मा हेतुरीश्वर: ॥ ४ ॥
Verse text
śrī-mahādeva uvāca
deva-deva jagad-vyāpiṣ
jagad-īśa jagan-maya
sarveṣām api bhāvānāṁ
tvam ātmā hetur īśvaraḥ
Synonyms
śrī
—
mahādevaḥ uvāca — Lord Śiva (Mahādeva) said
;
deva
—
deva — O best demigod among the demigods
;
jagat
—
vyāpin — O all-pervading Lord
;
jagat
—
īśa — O master of the universe
;
jagat
—
maya — O my Lord, who are transformed by Your energy into this creation
;
sarveṣām api
—
all kinds of
;
bhāvānām
—
situations
;
tvam
—
You
;
ātmā
—
the moving force
;
hetuḥ
—
because of this
;
īśvaraḥ
—
the Supreme Lord, Parameśvara .
Translation
Lord Mahādeva said: O chief demigod among the demigods, O all-pervading Lord, master of the universe, by Your energy You are transformed into the creation. You are the root and efficient cause of everything. You are not material. Indeed, You are the Supersoul or supreme living force of everything. Therefore, You are Parameśvara, the supreme controller of all controllers.
Translation (Visvanatha Cakravarti Thakura)
Śiva said: O Lord who performs pastimes among the devatās! O all-pervading Lord! O Lord of the universe! O Lord who is the universe! You are the giver of consciousness to all things in the universe and the cause of all things. Thus you alone are the Supreme Lord.
O Lord who performs pastimes among the devatās (deva-deva). “But Śiva, you also perform pastimes among the devatās.” O pervader of the universe! Though I also exist within the universe, you are spread everywhere. “You should control the universe along with me.” O Lord of the universe! “But you are also called the lord of the universe by people.” O Lord who personifies the universe! Though I am purely spiritual, I am also intimately mixed with the universe, and thus influenced by that. I am not the controller. You are the controller. I am called the lord by Brahmā and others secondarily. “You say that I am the primary form. That form is well known as the universe itself, made of the matter of the universe.” You are the producer of consciousness in all things and the cause of all things. Thus you are called the Supreme Lord.
Purport
The Supreme Personality of Godhead, Viṣṇu, resides within the material world as the
sattva-guṇa-avatāra.
Lord Śiva is the
tamo-guṇa-avatāra,
and Lord Brahmā is the
rajo-guṇa-avatāra,
but although Lord Viṣṇu is among them, He is not in the same category. Lord Viṣṇu is
deva-deva,
the chief of all the demigods. Since Lord Śiva is in this material world, the energy of the Supreme Lord, Viṣṇu, includes Lord Śiva. Lord Viṣṇu is therefore called
jagad-vyāpī,
“the all-pervading Lord.” Lord Śiva is sometimes called Maheśvara, and so people think that Lord Śiva is everything. But here Lord Śiva addresses Lord Viṣṇu as Jagadīśa, “the master of the universe.” Lord Śiva is sometimes called Viśveśvara, but here he addresses Lord Viṣṇu as Jaganmaya, indicating that even Viśveśvara is under Lord Viṣṇu’s control. Lord Viṣṇu is the master of the spiritual world, yet He controls the material world also, as stated in
Bhagavad-gītā
(
mayādhyakṣeṇa prakṛtiḥ sūyate sacarācaram
). Lord Brahmā and Lord Śiva are also sometimes called
īśvara,
but the supreme
īśvara
is Lord Viṣṇu, Lord Kṛṣṇa. As stated in
Brahma-saṁhitā, īśvaraḥ paramaḥ kṛṣṇaḥ:
the Supreme Lord is Kṛṣṇa, Lord Viṣṇu. Everything in existence works in proper order because of Lord Viṣṇu.
Aṇḍāntara-stha-paramāṇu-cayāntara-stham.
Even
paramāṇu,
the small atoms, work because of Lord Viṣṇu’s presence within them.